How lotteries work and 3 key steps to take if you win one (2024)

Our experts choose the best products and services to help make smart decisions with your money (here's how). In some cases, we receive a commission from our partners; however, our opinions are our own. Terms apply to offers listed on this page.

  • Cash lotteries are administered by state governments to raise revenue for the state.
  • Lottery winners can claim their winnings in one lump sum payment or annual payments over time.
  • Lottery winnings are treated as regular income and subject to state and federal income taxes.

Get the latest tips you need to manage your money — delivered to you biweekly.

Thanks for signing up!

Access your favorite topics in a personalized feed while you're on the go.

In the US, most states offer some type of cash lottery like Mega Millions or Powerball. When you play, you purchase a ticket in hopes of winning a cash payout at random.

Although the odds of winning a cash lottery are very low, Americans still spend billions of dollars each year on tickets. But not everyone considers the tax implications or what they would do with their earnings if they did win.

How do lotteries work?

When you play the lottery, you'll spend a small sum of money to get the chance to win a huge prize. The winners are selected at random. If you pick all the winning numbers, you'll win the jackpot, or share it with others who have all the correct numbers as well. Most lotteries also include smaller prizes for getting some combination of winning numbers, but not all of them.

According to Professor Michael Collins, a chartered financial analyst and CEO of WinCap Financial, most cash lotteries are administered by the government. "Government-administered lotteries are usually run by state governments in order to raise revenue," he explains.

The proceeds of lottery funds can go to fund education, provide treatment for gambling addictions, or to protect the environment. However, lottery proceeds account for a small source of any state's revenue.

How do lottery drawings work?

"Consumers purchase lottery tickets, and the money they spend goes into the winning pot," says Joel Ohman, a CFP® professional and CEO of ExpertInsuranceReviews.com. The longer a lottery goes without a winner, the more money accumulates in the pool. When someone wins, the lottery pool starts over again.

Lottery winners are chosen at random via a drawing. For instance, the Mega Millions drawings happen on Tuesday and Fridays at 11 PM EST, and you can watch them on live TV.

During the living drawing, five white balls are selected at random, and the balls are numbered one through 70. Then one gold ball is chosen from a set of balls numbered one through 25. If the six numbers selected match your lottery ticket number, you're the big winner.

What are the odds of winning the lottery?

The odds of winning a lottery jackpot are very low, even if you buy tickets on a regular basis. And there's a lot of variation in the odds depending on the type of lottery tickets you purchase. However, with jackpots in excess of $1 billion becoming more common, many find it irresistibleto try their luck.

In general, the bigger the lottery, the lower your odds of winning.

In the Powerball lottery, for example, players select five numbers from 1 to 69, and then choose one number from 1 to 26 for the Powerball. To win the jackpot, you have to get all six numbers. With so many possible combinations, the odds of winning come out to 1 in 292,201,338.

How do lottery payouts work?

There are two ways lottery winners can claim their earnings — as a lump sum or annual payments over time. Both options result in a lottery payout, but there are pros and cons to each.

You'll receive your after-tax winnings immediately if you claim a lump sum payout. Choosing this option lets you start investing and taking advantage of compound interest immediately.

But if you receive payments over time, commonly referred to as a lottery annuity, the total amount you receive will be closer to the advertised winnings. And annuity payments can protect winners who might be tempted to spend the money all at once.

Lotteries and taxes

According to Collins, the tax implications of winning the lottery vary depending on the type of lottery and the jurisdiction in which it's located.

"For example, in the United States, winnings from government-administered lotteries are subject to federal and state income taxes," he says.

"Lottery earnings are considered wages by state and federal governments," Ohman notes. Winning a significant amount of money will probably push you into a higher tax bracket, "so not only will you pay higher taxes on your winnings, but you'll also pay higher taxes on your regular wages," he says. "The state tax will depend on where you live."

You may also benefit from a tax deduction if you regularly buy lottery tickets without winning anything. You can deduct the losses from losing lottery tickets if you itemize your tax returns.

3 steps to take if you do win the lottery

If you regularly buy lottery tickets, have you ever thought about what you would do if you actually won? Assuming you're lucky enough to win a big jackpot, here are three key things you should do to protect yourself and your winnings:

1. Protect your lottery ticket

According to Collins, the first thing lottery winners should do is sign the back of the ticket to establish ownership. And you should take steps to protect your winning ticket — make digital copies and store them in the cloud.

"Next, you should keep your ticket in a safe place until you claim your prize," Collins says. If you lose your winning ticket and don't have any backup copies, you'll have no way to claim your winnings.

2. Protect your privacy

It's never a good idea to advertise yourself as a lottery winner. You've become an overnight millionaire, and many people will look to take advantage of that. This can include family members, friends, and even strangers.

Seven states allow lottery winners to maintain their anonymity: Kansas, Maryland, North Dakota, Texas, Ohio, and South Carolina. Some states allow lottery winners to form a trust to claim the prize money anonymously.

Others, like California, don't allow lottery winners to stay anonymous. If you live in one of these states, don't claim your prize money immediately. Wait at least a week to attract as little media attention as possible.

3. Consult a financial advisor

Finally, both Collins and Ohman recommend consulting with a financial advisor to ensure you're making good financial decisions. "If you win big in the lottery, one of the best things you can do is find a reputable financial advisor to help you plan how to make your windfall provide for you throughout the rest of your life," Ohman explains.

Insider keeps a list of the best online financial advisors, if you need a place to start.

According to Ohman, most lottery winners spend all their winnings and end up in a worse financial position than before they won. "It shouldn't be that way. A lottery win can result in a lifetime of increased comfort and financial freedom with wise investing in a diversified portfolio."

Jamie Johnson

Jamie Johnson is a Kansas City-based personal finance writer whose work has been featured on several of the top finance and business sites in the country, including Insider, Credit Karma, Bankrate, Rocket Mortgage, Fox Business, Quicken Loans, and The Balance. For the past five years, she's dedicated more than 10,000 hours of research and writing to more than 2,000 articles about personal finance topics.

How lotteries work and 3 key steps to take if you win one (2024)

FAQs

How lotteries work and 3 key steps to take if you win one? ›

Taking the annuity option greatly reduces the risk of going broke. Even if you die, you can pass the annuity on to your heirs. With an annuity you can spread your taxes out over a longer period of time rather than taking a big hit by accepting the lump-sum payment.

What steps should you take if you win the lottery? ›

9 Smart Moves for Lottery Winners
  1. Secure your ticket. Take photos and videos of yourself with the ticket, and then lock the ticket in a safe. ...
  2. Hire an experienced estate lawyer. You will likely be overwhelmed, and an estate lawyer can help. ...
  3. Set up a trust. ...
  4. Arrange for a media advisor. ...
  5. Go silent. ...
  6. Hire a tax accountant.
Dec 21, 2022

Is it better to take lump sum or annuity lottery? ›

Taking the annuity option greatly reduces the risk of going broke. Even if you die, you can pass the annuity on to your heirs. With an annuity you can spread your taxes out over a longer period of time rather than taking a big hit by accepting the lump-sum payment.

How soon after winning lottery do you get the money? ›

Once the money has been collected, it usually takes five to ten business days to hit your account. Banks are often wary of handling such large transfers, and not all are equipped to handle jackpots. At the earliest, you should plan to receive your lottery winnings between three and four weeks after the draw date.

How do you give money to family after winning the lottery? ›

You can physically take cash out of the bank to give to your loved ones, or you can transfer funds into their accounts. Just know that these can also be subject to taxation depending on the amount. This allows your family or friends to do what they please with the money to fund personal expenses.

How do lottery winners deposit their money? ›

Technically, any bank can take and receive your lottery winnings because there is no limit on how much money you can deposit. However, it might be a good idea to choose a private bank to handle this cash sum.

What not to do if you win the lottery? ›

What Not To Do After Winning the Lottery
  1. Don't Tell Anyone. ...
  2. Don't Hurry. ...
  3. Don't Assume You Can Manage It. ...
  4. Don't Spend Any Money for Six Months. ...
  5. Don't Quit Your Job. ...
  6. Don't Wave Goodbye to Your Budget. ...
  7. Don't Remain Stagnant. ...
  8. Pay Off Your Debt.
Jul 25, 2022

Can lottery winnings be inherited? ›

Whether the winner goes with the annuity or the cash option, lottery winnings can typically be inherited. Since the cash option is paid immediately, any winnings that remain when the winner passes away will be passed to their heirs and beneficiaries along with the rest of their estate.

How does lottery winnings affect Social Security? ›

Will My Social Security Benefits Be Reduced If I Win the Lottery? If you are under your full retirement age and are collecting Social Security benefits while still earning an income, your benefits will be reduced. However, lottery winnings are not subject to this rule.

Can a lottery annuity be inherited? ›

If you die before it's finished paying out, you can leave the future payments to your heirs, but the I.R.S. will want to collect estate tax right away on those payments' future value. If you die shortly after getting the prize, you won't have nearly enough cash on hand to satisfy the taxes due.

How much would you get after taxes if you won a million dollars? ›

How much do I pay in taxes if I win 1,000,000? If your gross prize for lump sum payout is $1,000,000, you need to pay $334,072 in total tax ($240,000 federal withholding, plus the remaining $94,072 for single filing status in 2021).

What states do not pay tax on lottery winnings? ›

There are eight states that do not tax Powerball winnings: California, Florida, New Hampshire, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Washington, Wyoming.

What is the payout for $1 billion dollar Powerball? ›

The lump sum prize works out to about $570 million, but 24% is automatically withheld for federal taxes.

Can I split lottery winnings with family? ›

Sharing your lottery winnings with family

These arrangements can work as long as they are bona fide, binding arrangements to share the proceeds, which actually allow for the transfer of the winnings to a special account to be shared directly by family members.

Should I put my lottery winnings in a trust? ›

An irrevocable trust is considered the best type of trust to use when multiple individuals are claiming a single prize, such as workplace lottery pools. Irrevocable trusts allow the funds to be dispersed to each of the winners in the pool without having to rely on a single winner's honesty.

What kind of trust is best for lottery winnings? ›

Irrevocable trusts protect lottery winnings because the assets legally do not belong to you. They also benefit your survivors as they are not subject to estate taxes. Blind trusts are also suitable as they protect your winnings from unscrupulous relatives and friends who want your property.

Does the lottery just give you a check? ›

Weekly installment winners will receive 52 payments each year and monthly winners get a payment at the same time each month. Payments can be mailed directly to your home address or to your financial institution at your request.

Should I hire a financial advisor if I win the lottery? ›

The top priority for lottery winners (and anyone who comes into sudden wealth) is to assemble a team of financial experts to help you manage your money. Most experts agree that you need an accountant, a lawyer and a financial advisor.

How long does it take to get money if you win Mega Millions? ›

When you win a Powerball or Mega Millions jackpot, there is a 15-day waiting period between the draw date and when the jackpot will be paid out, as money from ticket sales needs to be collected in order to pay out the jackpot.

Should you stay anonymous after winning the lottery? ›

A few states, such as California, expressly forbid lottery winners from staying anonymous. According to California disclosure laws, the lottery commission is legally required to publicize the winner's full name and the name and location of the business that sold the ticket.

Where is the best place to deposit lottery winnings? ›

Your current bank or credit union is a good place to start but be sure to verify that the amount of your deposit is federally insured. If the amount of your deposit exceeds the level of insurance, consider dividing your prize funds between two or more financial institutions.

Is it better to take a lump sum or monthly payments lottery? ›

The cash option is a lump-sum payment that can help you avoid long-term taxes and allow you to invest in things like real estate or stocks. When people win the lottery, they have to pay taxes. As a result, annuities are a popular choice for those who want to receive payments over time, not in one lump sum payment.

Is it better to take the cash option or annuity? ›

With annuity payments, you'll pay taxes as you go, and since you will receive a smaller amount during each tax year, at least some of the payments will be taxed at lower rates than if you take a lump sum all at once.

How much is the 30 year payout for Mega Millions? ›

The single winner could take the total $1.35 billion in 30 payments over 29 years or go for the one-time cash option – in this case, $707.9 million – which is what most winners choose. Regardless of which option the player takes, the IRS takes a minimum 24% federal withholding tax upfront on lottery winnings.

How are lottery winnings reported to IRS? ›

The full amount of your gambling winnings for the year must be reported on line 21, Form 1040. If you itemize deductions, you can deduct your gambling losses for the year on line 27, Schedule A (Form 1040). Your gambling loss deduction cannot be more than the amount of gambling winnings.

Does the IRS report gambling winnings to Social Security? ›

Income affects your Social Security retirement benefits in the form of taxes. For example: Do gambling or lottery winnings affect Social Security retirement benefits? Yes. The SSA considers gambling and lottery winnings unearned income and, therefore, it must be reported to the IRS.

Does lottery winnings count as earned income? ›

You're required to report all of your gambling winnings as income on your tax return, even if you end up losing money overall. You may receive a Form W-2G, Certain Gambling Winnings and have federal income taxes withheld from your prize by the gambling establishment if you have qualifying winnings.

How is lottery annuity paid out? ›

In general, lottery annuity payments consist of an initial payment and a number of gradually increasing annual payments (a growing annuity), where the number of years depends on the lottery you won. For example, a Powerball winner receives 29 annual payments that increase by 5 percent yearly.

How is lottery lump-sum calculated? ›

With a lump sum disbursem*nt, lotteries pay out a percentage of the total jackpot in one lump sum (typically 40 to 50 percent of the full amount). If you select the lump sum option, you'll receive a large chunk of cash for your immediate use. You may spend it or invest it as you like.

Who guarantees lottery annuity? ›

The lottery organization is responsible for investing the money and making annuity payments, and the winner has no control over how the money is invested or the returns earned.

Can I give someone a million dollars tax free? ›

There is no limit to the number of recipients you can give a gift to. There is also a lifetime exemption of $12.92 million. Even if you gift someone more than $17,000 in one year, you will not have to pay any gift taxes unless you go over that lifetime gift tax limit.

How much is the $700 million lottery annuity payout? ›

According to Time, a single winner will receive the $700 million check only if they choose an annuity, which is paid out over 29 years. Selecting the lump sum option, which most winners do, will gross $443 million.

How much is the Powerball 700 million after taxes? ›

The INSIDER Summary: The latest Mega Millions Powerball jackpot is $700 million. If you win and take the lump sum, the initial payout is $443.3 million. But then federal taxes cut that down to $332.5 million.

Which state has most lottery winners? ›

The states with the most Powerball lottery winners are...

That would be Indiana. The Hoosier State boasts 39 jackpot wins since 1992, when Powerball got its start. Read on to see how your state stacks up! Keep in mind that five states don't have state lotteries: Alabama, Alaska, Hawaii, Nevada, and Utah.

How do I avoid paying tax on lottery winnings in USA? ›

One way to avoid taxes on lottery winnings is to donate the money to charity. Charitable donations are tax-deductible, which means that you can claim a tax credit for the amount of money that you donate. This can significantly reduce the amount of tax that you owe on your lottery winnings.

What is the luckiest state for Mega Millions? ›

Texas has been the luckiest big-money Megaplier state, with 35 winning tickets sold valued at $2 million to $5 million. Florida is next with 31 Megaplied Match 5 winning tickets sold.

Is it better to take lump-sum or annuity lottery? ›

Taking the annuity option greatly reduces the risk of going broke. Even if you die, you can pass the annuity on to your heirs. With an annuity you can spread your taxes out over a longer period of time rather than taking a big hit by accepting the lump-sum payment.

How much is 1.9 billion Powerball payments? ›

Assuming that the jackpot total is exactly $1.9 billion, your first payment would likely be in the ballpark of $28.6 million. Your second, with another 5% tacked on, would be about $30 million. By that math, your 30th and final payment would end up at around $117.7 million.

What is the annuity for the 1 billion lottery? ›

The Mega Millions jackpot of $1.35 billion is the estimated value of annuity payments over 30 years. That's an average of $45 million per year. However, if the winner opts for an immediate lump-sum cash payment, which most people do, the one-time estimated payout will be $724.6 million.

Does my girlfriend get half of my lottery winnings? ›

Nine states follow community property laws, whereby all marital property is divided 50/50. Your wife would receive a full half of your winnings in these states, which include Wisconsin, New Mexico, Louisiana, California, Arizona, Texas, Idaho, Nevada and Washington.

What happens if my husband wins the lottery? ›

Any lottery winnings you gain during marriage are considered community property even if you funded the gambling with separate property. Community property is any property that both spouses acquire during their marriage, but there are some exceptions.

How do you stay safe after winning the lottery? ›

But before that happens, you need to make sure you secure your winnings.
  1. Be quiet about winning. ...
  2. Make copies of the ticket, secure it. ...
  3. Try to stay anonymous. ...
  4. Decide if you want to set up a trust. ...
  5. Sign your ticket. ...
  6. Annuity or lump sum. ...
  7. Be prepared for taxes. ...
  8. Plan for the future.
Nov 8, 2022

Which states allow lottery winners to form a trust? ›

Right now only seven states allow lottery winners to maintain their anonymity: Delaware, Kansas, Maryland, North Dakota, Texas, Ohio and South Carolina. And six states also allow people to form a trust to claim prize money anonymously. California entirely forbids lottery winners to remain anonymous.

What to do after winning lottery? ›

9 Smart Moves for Lottery Winners
  1. Secure your ticket. Take photos and videos of yourself with the ticket, and then lock the ticket in a safe. ...
  2. Hire an experienced estate lawyer. You will likely be overwhelmed, and an estate lawyer can help. ...
  3. Set up a trust. ...
  4. Arrange for a media advisor. ...
  5. Go silent. ...
  6. Hire a tax accountant.
Dec 21, 2022

What is the best way to increase your chances of winning the lottery? ›

Buy More Tickets

Buying more tickets might have the most significant impact on your lottery odds. It's elementary math. If each ticket has a 1 in 100,000,000 chance of hitting the lottery, then playing 100 tickets improves the odds to 1 in 1,000,000.

References

Top Articles
Latest Posts
Article information

Author: Kerri Lueilwitz

Last Updated:

Views: 5916

Rating: 4.7 / 5 (47 voted)

Reviews: 94% of readers found this page helpful

Author information

Name: Kerri Lueilwitz

Birthday: 1992-10-31

Address: Suite 878 3699 Chantelle Roads, Colebury, NC 68599

Phone: +6111989609516

Job: Chief Farming Manager

Hobby: Mycology, Stone skipping, Dowsing, Whittling, Taxidermy, Sand art, Roller skating

Introduction: My name is Kerri Lueilwitz, I am a courageous, gentle, quaint, thankful, outstanding, brave, vast person who loves writing and wants to share my knowledge and understanding with you.